How to Avoid Chimney Fires

According to the U.S. Fire Administration, an estimated 32,200 home heating fires were reported to fire departments within the United States. These fires caused an estimated 190 deaths, 625 injuries and $442 million in property loss.  Home heating fires account for 500 deaths per year.

There are over 25,000 chimney fires in the U.S. annually, and three out of 10 house fires (44,000) are related to heating appliances. For this reason alone, it is important to keep chimneys maintained, but performance problems can also arise that are not related to hostile fires.

Note: A "Friendly Fire" is one that is intended such as a fire in the fireplace or a candle burning. It becomes a "Hostile Fire" when it reaches beyond its intended location.

ALL OF THESE FIRES ARE PREVENTABLE

It is important to remember that ALL wood creates creosote, even hardwoods. The creosote must be removed by brushing with a special wire chimney brush for tile flue liners, or a poly brush for stainless steel flue liners or metal chimney pipe. The wrong type of brush can damage metal liners.

Chimneys should be swept when there is 1/8" or more of creosote on the flue walls. This is difficult to see, so another rule of thumb is to have the chimney swept annually for open fireplaces or at least twice seasonally for inserts or freestanding stoves.

How to prevent chimney fires

• Have the chimney swept regularly by a professional chimney sweep, who will also inspect the chimney to be sure it is in good working order.
• Use only dry wood (check with a moisture meter) that has been seasoned for a minimum of 6 months.
• Never burn dry Christmas trees, wrapping paper, or newspaper as these items often cause fires.
• The use of a "Chimney sweeping log" may result in a chimney fire since it detaches creosote from the flue walls and brings it closer to the fireplace, but does not remove the creosote.
• Use inserts and freestanding wood-burning stoves according to the manufacturer's instructions by leaving the door closed during burning, and regulating air intake so it does not overfire the stove. Overheating can ignite creosote in the pipe or flue without direct flame.

Most chimney fires are not detected by the homeowner

Chimney fire damage is usually detected by a chimney sweep during sweeping and inspection. Telltale signs are broken flue liners, blown out mortar joints, buckled metal liners or pipe, white hot spots, and burnt honeycomb creosote. There may also be expansion breaks in masonry. With this in mind, we estimate that there are 10 times the official reported totals!

While there are chimney fire signs to watch out for such as a loud wooshing or freight train sound and flames shooting out the top of the chimney, chimney fires are usually of short duration and not noticed while people are out of the room.

Damaged chimney flue liners can allow Carbon Monoxide, creosote, and smoke to escape into the area outside the liner and possibly into the house, making a damaged chimney a potential hazard. This is why it is so important to have regular inspections completed.

For more information visit www.chimkc.com

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Marge Padgit is a veteran chimney contractor, writer, and podcast host. Contact her at margepadgitt@gmail.com

Squirrels and Racoons are Chimney Hazards!

 

Squirrels and racoons use chimneys to build nests for their young. Mama racoons are especially aggressive if their young are approached and may bite. Unfortunately, racoons carry rabies and if bitten a person would need to have rabies treatment. Both squirrels and racoons carry diseases as well.

Squirrels have been known to build extremely large nests inside chimneys, causing a blockage and also a fire hazard. In one case, we encountered a 20'-foot tall, hard packed squirrel nest from a 30' tall chimney which took all day to remove. Besides being a fire hazard, nests block the flow of flue gasses which need to exit through the chimney.

It is best to avoid intrusion by these animals with the use of a heavy-duty stainless-steel chimney cover from a professional chimney sweep, which is much more difficult to destroy than a standard chimney cover that is available at hardware stores or box stores. The standard black steel covers also rust, causing unsightly stains on masonry that can't be removed.

However, if a racoon or squirrel family has set up home in your chimney, call a professional animal removal expert to have them removed prior to installing a cover.

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Marge Padgitt is the author of Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking and the host of The Hearth and Home Show on the HearthMasters YouTube Channel. Reach her at www.chimkc.com.

Chimney Swifts are Coming!

 

Chimney Swifts, those agile aviators of the sky, have intriguing nesting habits. The love to build flammable nests inside chimneys, along with other bird species.

• Chimney Swifts overwinter in the Amazon Basin in South America and return to nest across the eastern half of the USA each spring, and that includes the Midwest.
• These birds prefer dark and sheltered sites with vertical walls. While chimneys are their favored nesting spots, they also nest in: Natural sites: Hollow trees and tree cavities.
• Nest sites: Chimneys, wells, abandoned buildings, barns, silos, and outbuildings.
• Nesting Period: Chimney Swifts begin nesting in the spring or summer.
• The entire nesting process typically takes about two and a half months.
• These skilled architects weave their nests from small twigs, securing them to vertical surfaces using their glue-like saliva.
• Incubation lasts from 16 to 21 days, and the young fledge between 14 and 19 days after hatching.
• Overall, the nesting time frame for chimney swifts spans 30 to 40 days.
• Chimney Swifts have been nesting in chimneys for centuries, benefiting from the increased abundance of nest sites due to human development.
• Concerned birdwatchers can contribute by erecting Chimney Swift nest towers to provide additional nesting sites OUTSIDE their chimney.
• Chimney swifts are protected by the Migratory Bird Act so removal from a chimney is not an option. Only the nests can be removed after the fledglings have left the nest.

Keep birds out of chimney flues by having heavy duty stainless steel chimney covers installed.

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Marge Padgitt is the author of Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking and host of The Hearth and Home Show on the HearthMasters YouTube Channel. She can be reached at www.chimkc.com.